According to the type of rotor, an induction motor is divided into two types. The induction motor is made up of the stator, or stationary windings, and the rotor. As previously, we have covered a lot of important topics. The frame is either made up of diecast or fabricated steel.
For this only the operating voltage, the motor rating, the various shortcircuit ratings and coordination types are. P type protection was developed to prevent the ingress of a potentially explosive atmosphere into the. The voltage and current is induced in the rotor circuit from the stator circuit for the operation. The author remem bers his conversation with a maintenance supervisor in a manufacturing facility who, when asked what types of. Unit 16 electric motors washington state university. An induction motor or asynchronous motor is an ac electric motor in which the electric current in the rotor needed to produce torque is obtained by electromagnetic induction from the magnetic field of the stator winding. As their name suggests, 1 phase ac power supply is extended to single phase induction motor while three phase induction motor is connected to 3 phase ac power supply. The starting current is very large, normally 6 to 8 times the rated current. Various types of ac induction motors are available in the market. Induction motors installation operation generators. The stator consists of a series of wire windings of very low resistance permanently attached to the motor frame. Download 3 phase induction motor powerpoint presentation. Singlephase twophase threephase the presentation will describe the basics of the threephase brushless motor because it is the most common version.
The singlephase motor stator has a laminated iron core with two windings arranged perpendicularly. Read here to know about these electrical motors and their exhaustive classification. Types, losses in induction motors, motor efficiency, factors affecting motor performance, rewinding and motor replacement issues, energy. All books are in clear copy here, and all files are secure so dont worry about it. The single phase induction motors are made self starting by providing an additional flux by some additional means. Get motor rewinding procedure pdf file for free from our online library pdf file. Electric motors and drives fundamentals, types and applications third edition austin hughes senior fellow, school of electronic and electrical engineering, university of leeds amsterdam boston heidelberg london new york oxford paris san diego san francisco singapore sydney tokyo newnes is an imprint of.
One is almost identical to that of the threephase induction motor while the other is of a form similar to that of the d. Induction motors horizontal and vertical stator stator construction the stator is composed of a supporting structure, a core of electrical laminations and insulated windings. Motors specification of electric motors marshall wolf automation. A car may have as many as 20 dc motors to drive fans, seats, and windows. In addition to providing basic information about ac motors in general, this course also includes an overview of siemens simotics nema ac motors, which range from general purpose motors in aluminum. Induction motors induce a current into an electromagnetic rotor in order to create rotation.
It acts as a covering and provides protection and mechanical strength to all the inner parts of the machine. Induction motors splitphase, capacitor and shadedpole etc. This conversion is usually obtained through the generation of a. In an induction motor, power is supplied tothe rotor via an electromagnetic induction. All motors were rewound on site over a period 19982002 using magnetic wedges as per the original design and the motor protection was upgraded to microprocessor type relays. An ac motor of this type may be part of a pump or fan or. An ac motor of this type may be part of a pump or fan or connected to some other form of mechanical equipment such as a winder, conveyor, or mixer.
Generally, it is known as the asynchronous motor because its running speed is less than its synchronous speed. A motordriven system consists of several components. Describe the differences between the two basic types of ac generators. Traditional design of cage rotor induction motors ronald g.
Introduction this manual provides information on how to safely install, couple to the driven equipment, and maintain the toshiba squirrel cage mediumvoltage induction motor. The frame of three phase induction motor should be strong and rigid as the air gap length of three phase induction motor is very small. A good material for the poles of a pmdc motor should have the apposite of the above. The direct online dol starter is the simplest and the most inexpensive of all starting methods and is usually used for squirrel cage induction motors. A p type motor is a motor specifically designed to support and accommodate the proper form of p type protection, so it can safely operate in a given hazardous gas environment. List the advantages and disadvantages of the two types of ac generators. Both types are popular but for larger sizes the induction motor. Induction motors horizontal and vertical weg electric machinery, wem, induction motors have been specifically designed and manufactured for the most severe industrial applications, such as heavy duty fans, pumps, refiners, compressors, crushers and grinding mill drives. Chapter 2, glossary, should be consulted for further information on types, terms and definitions. The rotor is separated from the stator by a small airgap which ranges from 0. Single phase motors are used for smaller loads while 3 phase motors are used in high load applications. Repulsion motors sometime called inductiveseries motors 3.
Twenty ways to optimize energy efficiency in the use of. Motors can be designed to compensate for this drop in voltage. Induction motors generators 1 table of contents page page. The most common type of ac motor being used throughout the work today is the induction. Search wegthreephase inductionmotors masterline50019089brochureenglish. There are mainly two types of induction motor on the basis of power supply, single phase induction motor and three phase induction motor. There are two types of induction motors, one is named as single phase induction motor, while the second one is named as 3 phase induction motor. In most cases, the considerations can be extended to the other types. The singlephase stator winding produces a magnetic field that. A bldc motor generally produces a higher output per frame size because, the use of bldc motors has steadily increased over the last several years as the cost of these motors. Three phase induction motors used in explosive atmospheres w60 line squirrel cage rotor horizontal date.
Single phase induction motor the singlephase induction machine is the most frequently used motor for refrigerators, washing machines, clocks, drills, compressors, pumps, and so forth. The induction motor is the most widely used motor in the industry due to its simple and rugged construction. This will link and cut the rotor conductors which in turn will induce a current in the rotor conductors and. A 3 phase induction motor has two main parts i stator and ii rotor. There are many types of ac motors, but this course focuses on threephase induction motors, the most common type of motor used in industrial applications. An induction motor can be treated as a rotating transformer i. These are of two types, squirrel cage and slip ring motors. Stator winding spreading the coil in this manner creates a sinusoidal flux distribution per pole, which improves performance and makes the motor less noisy sound and electrically. Twenty ways to optimize energy efficiency in the use of induction motors electric motors convert electrical energy into mechanical energy. However, should the motor require service, this manual includes a section that assists the.
You should also make a dc measurement of stator winding linetoline resistance. Several additional components are necessary to operate the singlephase motor. Pressed and held between end plates, these laminations are stacked. An induction motor also known as an asynchronous motor is a commonly used ac electric motor. For example, motors in frames 18250 can be supplied for operation under low starting voltage conditions down to 65% of nameplate rated voltage. They run at a constant speed from noload to the full load. There are single phase and three phase induction motors. These range in size from large industrial pumps to small office ventilation fans.
Motor technologies for higher efficiency in applications. These motors are selfstarting and use no capacitor, start winding, centrifugal switch or other starting device. Read online types of electric motors uah book pdf free download link book now. The types of single phase induction motors include. High grade silicon steel laminations that build up the core are precision punched from coreplated sheets. Classification of dc motor is more common than we may think. Brushless motors overview there are different types of brushless motors. Mar 17, 2019 download types of electric motors uah book pdf free download link or read online here in pdf. Know where these different types of motors are used. Introduction to induction motor the engineering projects.
The stator works as the primary while the rotor works as the secondary. Squirrel cage induction motor slip ring induction motor 2. Types of ac induction motor rotors there are twotypes of rotor windings. An induction motor can therefore be made without electrical connections to the rotor.
Singlephase motors may be classified as under, depending on their construction and method of starting. Know about the different categories that these motors can be classified into. Therefore such motors are known as induction motors. By far, the most common type of three phase motor is the squirrel cage motor, but there are also wound rotor motors also called slipring motors. The rotor has salient poles and a cage so that it starts like an induction motor, and runs like a synchronous motor. An induction motor is based on the principle of induction of voltages and currents. However, due to mechanical, as well as operational reasons, permanent magnets in synchronous machines are restricted to those with ratings much lower than large turbinedriven generators, which is the subject of this book. In a dc motor, supply is needed to be given for the stator winding as well as the rotor winding. Induction motor theory jerry bednarczyk, pe course content introduction the ac induction motor is well suited to applications requiring constant speed operation. The inertia referred to the motor shaft, the type of load. Therefore, induction motor protection plays an important role in its long life service.
Singlephase motors have only two power source supply lines connected. You should also make a dc measurement of stator winding linetoline resistance using a dmm. The stator separate from rotor by small air gap have ranges from 0. Horizontal squirrel cage mediumvoltage induction motor. Development of the induction motor equivalent circuit. What is common to all the members of this family is that the basic physical process involved in their operation is the conversion of electromagnetic energy. Differentiate between the various types of generating electric power stations. In summer 2003 it was noted that the motors suffered. Describe the principle of magnetic induction as it applies to ac generators. Read online now motor rewinding procedure ebook pdf at our library. They come in three different types, classified according to the electrical circuit used. This manual covers squirrel cage rotor motor where the rotor. It directly connects the contacts of the motor to the full supply voltage.
Motors and drives in industry most moving applications and many modernday devices are powered by electric motors. The types of induction motors can be classified depending on whether they are a single phase or three phase induction motor. It requires least maintenance as compared to other electrical motors. Motor speed relationship the synchronous speed of an ac motor is the speed of the rotating magnetic field set up by the stator winding synchronous speed rpm 120 x frequency divided by the number of poles. Equivalent circuit of an induction motor enables the performance characteristics which are evaluated for steady state conditions. Ten industrial induction motors, from 4 kw up to 70. This energy is then used to drive a fan, a compressor, a pump or another rotating or oscillating part. The threephase induction motor is the extensively used for various kinds of industrial drives. Ac induction motors are also the most common motors used in main. Types of electric motors electric motors dc motors other motors h ac motors s unt motor separately excited induction motor stepper motor motor brushlessdc motor series motor hysteresis motor permanent magnet dc pmdc synchronous motor reluctance motor compounded motor universal motor.
As a voltage and a current is applied to the stator winding terminals, a magnetic field is developed in the windings. An induction motor can be defined as the ac electric motor device in which a power source fed by the alternating current with the help of a primary winding. Induction motors despite the fact that the threephase motor has more phases than the singlephase motor, the singlephase motor is a much more complex machine. The stator of an induction motor consists of 3phase windings, which when connected to a 3phase supply creates a rotating magnetic field. Simple and rugged design, lowcost, low maintenance and direct connection to an ac power source are the main advantages of ac induction motors. Nov 03, 2019 this is the working principle of both single and three phase induction motors. Ac induction motors are the most common motors used in industrial motion control systems, as well as in main powered home appliances. All about motors 88 motor protection selection aids the eaton selector slide enables you to determine quickly and reliably which motor starter is the most suitable for the application concerned. Mechanical energy what is an electric motor an electric motor is a device converting electrical energy into mechanical energy usually a torque. Today we are going to made available a powerpoint presentation file for all. Mostafa elshahed objectives learn a brief history of the electrical power systems construction.
The advantages of threephase ac induction motor are listed below. Ac motors are used worldwide in many applications to transform electrical energy into mechanical energy. Squirrel cage wound rotor with slip rings the rotating magnetic field. An induction motors rotor can be either wound type or squirrelcage type. Record all nameplate information for the induction motor. Induction motor is an ac electric motor, having a stator and a rotor just like other motors, but the working principle is a little different which would be discussed further.
Sep 27, 2016 single phase and three phase are the two types of an ac induction motor. This starter kit is particularly suited to drive 3phase brushless motors either ac induction or permanent magnet types and demonstrates how effectively the stm8 microcontrollers can be used in realworld motor control applications. Two main types of induction motoran induction motor also known as an asynchronous motor or squirrelcage motor is atype of an ac alternating current motor. Types of electric motors 3phase induction machine construction 3 stator windings uniformly distributed as in a synchronous generator two types of rotor. The basic idea of an electric motor is to generate two magnetic fields. As a result, motor manufactures have tried, over the last few decades, to perfect various types of a. The three phase induction motors are simple in construction, rugged, low cost and easy to maintain. The motor is mounted in a test rig that allows one to control the torque applied to the motor shaft and to measure both rpm and torque. One singlephase wattmeter plus miscellaneous apparatus as needed. Have you ever noticed what kind of motor drives the ceiling fan.
This chapter is concerned with the two main thyristor types called scrs silicon controlled rectifiers ref. The squirrel cage induction motor was designed for an extended service life under very demanding. This guide focuses on the ac induction motor although many of the energy saving suggestions may also be applied to other motor types. Induction motor driving a centrifugal compressor advantages. Types of electric motors uah pdf book manual free download. Types, losses in induction motors, motor efficiency, factors affecting motor performance, rewinding and motor replacement issues, energy saving opportunities with energy efficient motors. Unit 16 electric motors objectives after studying this unit, the student will be able to state the purpose of an electric motor. Harley and yao duan georgia institute of technology. The squirrel cage induction motor was designed for an extended service life under very demanding conditions. The motor type designation consists of a basic letter or letters indicating the motor enclosure type to which other. Free download induction motor seminar ppt, pdf report. Singlephase induction motors are used extensively for smaller loads, such as household. In general, the induction motor is cheaper and easier to maintain compared to other alternatives.
Threephase ac induction motors are widely used in industrial and commercial applications. Starting method for induction motors a 3phase induction motor is theoretically self starting. In an induction motor, the electric current in the rotor needed to produce torque is obtained via electromagnetic induction. I induction motors threephase induction motors are so common in industry that in many plants no other type of electric machine can be found. How intensively the electric circuit is used the type of enclosure type of cooling.
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